Abstract

An approach that could alleviate the Philippines' lack of access to electricity and lower the nation's average annual greenhouse gas emissions is the usage of solar energy. Still, even though solar energy has been studied in the Philippines, little is known about how to increase solar energy's efficiency while preserving its affordability given the country's climate. To further enhance sunlight capture, store energy, and transform it into electrical energy, the researchers specifically aimed to build a photovoltaic solar panel system with multiple fixed mirrors. Furthermore, this study aimed to analyze the average voltage outputs of the BJT phototransistor to assess the model's performance and reliability in solar energy applications. Additionally, the goal of this study is to demonstrate that the photovoltaic solar panel can optimize the direction and raise the total quantity of solar energy that the model receives when exposed to sunlight for 10-minute intervals by comparing the controlled group and experimental group. To provide numerical data for a quantitative experimental method for analysis, the study documented the time, the number of time intervals, and the voltage obtained following each period. The results revealed that there significant difference in the mean voltage output of the two models tested. The study showed how BJT phototransistor was able to enhance the light and energy capture compared with the model without the BJT phototransistor. In addition, the study rejects the null hypothesis by showing a very strong correlation between the model's voltage input and exposure length. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis showed that the p-value was <0.01 and the Pearson correlation was 0.87. Statistics of the study explained how the solar system with the BJT phototransistor and multiple fixed directed mirrors obtained higher amounts of voltage, gaining an average of 11.6 volts, which was significantly greater than the sole use of solar panels which only obtained an average of 10.3 volts. These results significantly demonstrate how the photovoltaic solar panel, with BJT phototransistor and multiple fixed directed mirrors included, made great progress in optimizing the model's overall voltage input and solar capture compared to the initial model without the two aforementioned components.
Keywords: photovoltaic solar panels, voltage, time of exposure, solar energy maximization